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the following computer simulation of a

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the following computer simulation of a
 

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the following computer simulation of a
high-speed flight around the Los Angeles

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high-speed flight around the Los Angeles
 

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high-speed flight around the Los Angeles
vicinity was produced to demonstrate a

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vicinity was produced to demonstrate a
 

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vicinity was produced to demonstrate a
capability of scientific data

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capability of scientific data
 

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capability of scientific data
visualization this animation is part of

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visualization this animation is part of
 

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visualization this animation is part of
the NASA funded research being carried

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the NASA funded research being carried
 

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the NASA funded research being carried
out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory the

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out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory the
 

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out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory the
entire animation was produced from one

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entire animation was produced from one
 

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entire animation was produced from one
Landsat satellite image that was merged

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Landsat satellite image that was merged
 

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Landsat satellite image that was merged
with digital elevation information

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with digital elevation information
 

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with digital elevation information
Landsat views the earth from 570 miles

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Landsat views the earth from 570 miles
 

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Landsat views the earth from 570 miles
up and is capable of seeing features

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up and is capable of seeing features
 

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up and is capable of seeing features
that are approximately 30 meters square

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that are approximately 30 meters square
 

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that are approximately 30 meters square
a 30 meter square area is approximately

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a 30 meter square area is approximately
 

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a 30 meter square area is approximately
the same size as the area inside the

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the same size as the area inside the
 

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the same size as the area inside the
basis of a professional baseball field

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basis of a professional baseball field
 

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basis of a professional baseball field
this is Los Angeles California on July

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this is Los Angeles California on July
 

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this is Los Angeles California on July
third 1985 we are not traveling toward

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third 1985 we are not traveling toward
 

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third 1985 we are not traveling toward
the Pacific Ocean at about 200,000 miles

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the Pacific Ocean at about 200,000 miles
 

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the Pacific Ocean at about 200,000 miles
an hour and will drop down behind santa

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an hour and will drop down behind santa
 

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an hour and will drop down behind santa
catalina island about 26 miles off the

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catalina island about 26 miles off the
 

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catalina island about 26 miles off the
coast of Los Angeles we're going to fly

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coast of Los Angeles we're going to fly
 

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coast of Los Angeles we're going to fly
through the estimates of the island and

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through the estimates of the island and
 

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through the estimates of the island and
then cross the coast north of the Santa

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then cross the coast north of the Santa
 

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then cross the coast north of the Santa
Monica Mountains

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as we head south we can see features

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as we head south we can see features
 

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as we head south we can see features
such as marina del rey and Los Angeles

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such as marina del rey and Los Angeles
 

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such as marina del rey and Los Angeles
International Airport we see the palos

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International Airport we see the palos
 

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International Airport we see the palos
verdes peninsula in the center now along

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verdes peninsula in the center now along
 

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verdes peninsula in the center now along
with the Long Beach harbor now we're

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with the Long Beach harbor now we're
 

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with the Long Beach harbor now we're
moving down into the orange county area

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moving down into the orange county area
 

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moving down into the orange county area
the bowtie shaped feature now visible

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the bowtie shaped feature now visible
 

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the bowtie shaped feature now visible
our Balboa & Lido islands in newport bay

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our Balboa & Lido islands in newport bay
 

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our Balboa & Lido islands in newport bay
we're heading toward los angeles and in

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we're heading toward los angeles and in
 

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we're heading toward los angeles and in
the center of the screen is downtown

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hollywood in beverly hills are below as

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hollywood in beverly hills are below as
 

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hollywood in beverly hills are below as
we move into the San Fernando Valley

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we move into the San Fernando Valley
 

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we move into the San Fernando Valley
you'll see a v-shaped Lake appear that's

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you'll see a v-shaped Lake appear that's
 

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you'll see a v-shaped Lake appear that's
castaic lake we will now turn and

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castaic lake we will now turn and
 

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castaic lake we will now turn and
proceed to fly straight down the Rift

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proceed to fly straight down the Rift
 

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proceed to fly straight down the Rift
Valley of the San Andreas Fault we're

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Valley of the San Andreas Fault we're
 

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Valley of the San Andreas Fault we're
crossing the East Fork of the San

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crossing the East Fork of the San
 

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crossing the East Fork of the San
Gabriel Mountains and we'll turn around

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Gabriel Mountains and we'll turn around
 

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Gabriel Mountains and we'll turn around
and face those same mountains when we

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and face those same mountains when we
 

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and face those same mountains when we
lose elevation into the Pomona Valley

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lose elevation into the Pomona Valley
 

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lose elevation into the Pomona Valley
area

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we can see Mount Baldy at the top right

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we can see Mount Baldy at the top right
 

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we can see Mount Baldy at the top right
of the screen and as we pan the San

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of the screen and as we pan the San
 

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of the screen and as we pan the San
Gabriel Mountains we can note in the

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Gabriel Mountains we can note in the
 

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Gabriel Mountains we can note in the
foreground the santa fe dam and

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foreground the santa fe dam and
 

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foreground the santa fe dam and
recreation area the Santa Anita

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recreation area the Santa Anita
 

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recreation area the Santa Anita
racetrack and golf course

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you can now see the Rose Bowl with the

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you can now see the Rose Bowl with the
 

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you can now see the Rose Bowl with the
surrounding golf course it took five and

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surrounding golf course it took five and
 

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surrounding golf course it took five and
a half days of non-stop computer time on

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a half days of non-stop computer time on
 

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a half days of non-stop computer time on
a machine capable of computing four

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a machine capable of computing four
 

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a machine capable of computing four
million instructions per second over

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million instructions per second over
 

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million instructions per second over
3000 digital frames were generated to

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3000 digital frames were generated to
 

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3000 digital frames were generated to
make la the movie that represents more

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make la the movie that represents more
 

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make la the movie that represents more
than 2.6 billion bytes of data that is

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than 2.6 billion bytes of data that is
 

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than 2.6 billion bytes of data that is
equivalent to enough characters to fill

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equivalent to enough characters to fill
 

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equivalent to enough characters to fill
1.3 million pages of texts that would be

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1.3 million pages of texts that would be
 

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1.3 million pages of texts that would be
a stack of paper over forty four stories

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a stack of paper over forty four stories
 

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a stack of paper over forty four stories
tall techniques developed during the

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tall techniques developed during the
 

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tall techniques developed during the
creation of la the movie will be used to

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creation of la the movie will be used to
 

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creation of la the movie will be used to
help scientists analyze the large

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help scientists analyze the large
 

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help scientists analyze the large
quantities of data being sent back to

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quantities of data being sent back to
 

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quantities of data being sent back to
earth by satellites the following

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earth by satellites the following
 

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earth by satellites the following
animation demonstrates an application of

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animation demonstrates an application of
 

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animation demonstrates an application of
scientific data visualization

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scientific data visualization
 

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scientific data visualization
using nine images taken by the voyager 2

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using nine images taken by the voyager 2
 

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using nine images taken by the voyager 2
spacecraft planetary geologists and

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spacecraft planetary geologists and
 

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spacecraft planetary geologists and
visualization specialists created a

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visualization specialists created a
 

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visualization specialists created a
computer simulated flight over the

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computer simulated flight over the
 

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computer simulated flight over the
southern hemisphere of Miranda a

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southern hemisphere of Miranda a
 

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southern hemisphere of Miranda a
geologically interesting moon of the

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geologically interesting moon of the
 

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geologically interesting moon of the
planet Uranus the flight takes us over a

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planet Uranus the flight takes us over a
 

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planet Uranus the flight takes us over a
bewildering array of landforms as we

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bewildering array of landforms as we
 

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bewildering array of landforms as we
simulate flight over the terrain and

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simulate flight over the terrain and
 

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simulate flight over the terrain and
altitudes of three to twenty miles keep

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altitudes of three to twenty miles keep
 

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altitudes of three to twenty miles keep
in mind that Voyager tues closest

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in mind that Voyager tues closest
 

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in mind that Voyager tues closest
approach to Miranda was more than 18,000

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approach to Miranda was more than 18,000
 

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approach to Miranda was more than 18,000
miles above the surface

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a study of the Earth's climate must take

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a study of the Earth's climate must take
 

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a study of the Earth's climate must take
into account the crucial role played by

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into account the crucial role played by
 

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into account the crucial role played by
clouds besides delivering life-giving

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clouds besides delivering life-giving
 

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clouds besides delivering life-giving
rain to the land clouds help maintain a

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rain to the land clouds help maintain a
 

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rain to the land clouds help maintain a
proper balance in the global climate the

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proper balance in the global climate the
 

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proper balance in the global climate the
following digital animation combines

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following digital animation combines
 

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following digital animation combines
satellite cloud data and earth elevation

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satellite cloud data and earth elevation
 

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satellite cloud data and earth elevation
data from maps to demonstrate how

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data from maps to demonstrate how
 

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data from maps to demonstrate how
atmospheric scientists and visualization

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atmospheric scientists and visualization
 

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atmospheric scientists and visualization
specialists team up to perform climatic

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specialists team up to perform climatic
 

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specialists team up to perform climatic
research the clouds were derived from

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research the clouds were derived from
 

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research the clouds were derived from
infrared and microwave satellite

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infrared and microwave satellite
 

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infrared and microwave satellite
instrument data using a supercomputer

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at first glance clouds may appear

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at first glance clouds may appear
 

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at first glance clouds may appear
chaotic but closer observation reveals a

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chaotic but closer observation reveals a
 

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chaotic but closer observation reveals a
semblance of order recognizable patterns

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semblance of order recognizable patterns
 

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semblance of order recognizable patterns
show how air moves up and down while

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show how air moves up and down while
 

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show how air moves up and down while
circulating around the globe the varied

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circulating around the globe the varied
 

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circulating around the globe the varied
features of the Earth's surface

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features of the Earth's surface
 

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features of the Earth's surface
portrayed here by color as well as

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portrayed here by color as well as
 

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portrayed here by color as well as
prevailing winds have distinct effects

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prevailing winds have distinct effects
 

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prevailing winds have distinct effects
on the formation and distribution of

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on the formation and distribution of
 

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on the formation and distribution of
clouds computer animation to visualize

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clouds computer animation to visualize
 

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clouds computer animation to visualize
clouds provides a unique insight into

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clouds provides a unique insight into
 

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clouds provides a unique insight into
the structure and dynamics of global

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the structure and dynamics of global
 

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the structure and dynamics of global
weather systems

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now as we add the third dimension to

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now as we add the third dimension to
 

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now as we add the third dimension to
both the Earth's surface and the clouds

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both the Earth's surface and the clouds
 

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both the Earth's surface and the clouds
we can see the relationship between

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we can see the relationship between
 

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we can see the relationship between
cloud tops and the Earth's topography

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cloud tops and the Earth's topography
 

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cloud tops and the Earth's topography
the cloud top elevations were also

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the cloud top elevations were also
 

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the cloud top elevations were also
derived from satellite data the vertical

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derived from satellite data the vertical
 

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derived from satellite data the vertical
dimensions have been exaggerated 20

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dimensions have been exaggerated 20
 

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dimensions have been exaggerated 20
times to enhance comparison our flight

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times to enhance comparison our flight
 

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times to enhance comparison our flight
first takes us along the west coast of

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first takes us along the west coast of
 

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first takes us along the west coast of
Africa flying north of Scandinavia we

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Africa flying north of Scandinavia we
 

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Africa flying north of Scandinavia we
see Europe then quickly cross the North

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see Europe then quickly cross the North
 

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00:08:10,090 --> 00:08:12,060
see Europe then quickly cross the North
Atlantic and drop below the cloud tops

242
00:08:12,060 --> 00:08:12,070
Atlantic and drop below the cloud tops
 

243
00:08:12,070 --> 00:08:15,840
Atlantic and drop below the cloud tops
of the eastern United States we look

244
00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:15,850
of the eastern United States we look
 

245
00:08:15,850 --> 00:08:17,879
of the eastern United States we look
west into the Amazon basin of South

246
00:08:17,879 --> 00:08:17,889
west into the Amazon basin of South
 

247
00:08:17,889 --> 00:08:21,360
west into the Amazon basin of South
America

248
00:08:21,360 --> 00:08:21,370

 

249
00:08:21,370 --> 00:08:24,580

we circle Cape Horn and view the Andes

250
00:08:24,580 --> 00:08:24,590
we circle Cape Horn and view the Andes
 

251
00:08:24,590 --> 00:08:29,170
we circle Cape Horn and view the Andes
Mountains up close Central America

252
00:08:29,170 --> 00:08:29,180
Mountains up close Central America
 

253
00:08:29,180 --> 00:08:35,519
Mountains up close Central America
passes below as we view north america

254
00:08:35,519 --> 00:08:35,529

 

255
00:08:35,529 --> 00:08:37,509

diving below the clouds in the

256
00:08:37,509 --> 00:08:37,519
diving below the clouds in the
 

257
00:08:37,519 --> 00:08:39,219
diving below the clouds in the
mid-atlantic we fly over the

258
00:08:39,219 --> 00:08:39,229
mid-atlantic we fly over the
 

259
00:08:39,229 --> 00:08:43,389
mid-atlantic we fly over the
Mediterranean turkey passes to our right

260
00:08:43,389 --> 00:08:43,399
Mediterranean turkey passes to our right
 

261
00:08:43,399 --> 00:08:46,150
Mediterranean turkey passes to our right
as we fly across the Caspian Sea into

262
00:08:46,150 --> 00:08:46,160
as we fly across the Caspian Sea into
 

263
00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:49,990
as we fly across the Caspian Sea into
the southern Soviet Union China and now

264
00:08:49,990 --> 00:08:50,000
the southern Soviet Union China and now
 

265
00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:54,100
the southern Soviet Union China and now
Japan are below us Southeast Asia and

266
00:08:54,100 --> 00:08:54,110
Japan are below us Southeast Asia and
 

267
00:08:54,110 --> 00:08:56,319
Japan are below us Southeast Asia and
Australia are seen as we head for the

268
00:08:56,319 --> 00:08:56,329
Australia are seen as we head for the
 

269
00:08:56,329 --> 00:09:00,850
Australia are seen as we head for the
Himalayas and Indian subcontinent the

270
00:09:00,850 --> 00:09:00,860
Himalayas and Indian subcontinent the
 

271
00:09:00,860 --> 00:09:02,980
Himalayas and Indian subcontinent the
Middle East and Africa complete our

272
00:09:02,980 --> 00:09:02,990
Middle East and Africa complete our
 

273
00:09:02,990 --> 00:09:28,199
Middle East and Africa complete our
journey

274
00:09:28,199 --> 00:09:28,209

 

275
00:09:28,209 --> 00:09:30,190

you

276
00:09:30,190 --> 00:09:30,200
you
 

277
00:09:30,200 --> 00:09:40,520
you
you

278
00:09:40,520 --> 00:09:40,530

 

279
00:09:40,530 --> 00:09:43,200

the atmosphere can be considered a

280
00:09:43,200 --> 00:09:43,210
the atmosphere can be considered a
 

281
00:09:43,210 --> 00:09:45,330
the atmosphere can be considered a
gigantic solar powered engine which

282
00:09:45,330 --> 00:09:45,340
gigantic solar powered engine which
 

283
00:09:45,340 --> 00:09:48,720
gigantic solar powered engine which
controls our daily weather the Pacific

284
00:09:48,720 --> 00:09:48,730
controls our daily weather the Pacific
 

285
00:09:48,730 --> 00:09:51,210
controls our daily weather the Pacific
Ocean shown here covers nearly half the

286
00:09:51,210 --> 00:09:51,220
Ocean shown here covers nearly half the
 

287
00:09:51,220 --> 00:09:53,850
Ocean shown here covers nearly half the
earth it is the major storehouse of

288
00:09:53,850 --> 00:09:53,860
earth it is the major storehouse of
 

289
00:09:53,860 --> 00:09:55,980
earth it is the major storehouse of
energy and source of water vapor for the

290
00:09:55,980 --> 00:09:55,990
energy and source of water vapor for the
 

291
00:09:55,990 --> 00:09:59,760
energy and source of water vapor for the
planet this is the winter season in the

292
00:09:59,760 --> 00:09:59,770
planet this is the winter season in the
 

293
00:09:59,770 --> 00:10:01,770
planet this is the winter season in the
northern hemisphere and we can observe

294
00:10:01,770 --> 00:10:01,780
northern hemisphere and we can observe
 

295
00:10:01,780 --> 00:10:04,380
northern hemisphere and we can observe
the course of numerous storms one after

296
00:10:04,380 --> 00:10:04,390
the course of numerous storms one after
 

297
00:10:04,390 --> 00:10:06,600
the course of numerous storms one after
the other approaching North America from

298
00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:06,610
the other approaching North America from
 

299
00:10:06,610 --> 00:10:15,519
the other approaching North America from
the Gulf of Alaska

300
00:10:15,519 --> 00:10:15,529

 

301
00:10:15,529 --> 00:10:19,290

I

302
00:10:19,290 --> 00:10:19,300

 

303
00:10:19,300 --> 00:10:21,480

note the belt of clouds near the equator

304
00:10:21,480 --> 00:10:21,490
note the belt of clouds near the equator
 

305
00:10:21,490 --> 00:10:24,090
note the belt of clouds near the equator
as we rotate the earth to observe the

306
00:10:24,090 --> 00:10:24,100
as we rotate the earth to observe the
 

307
00:10:24,100 --> 00:10:27,210
as we rotate the earth to observe the
opposite hemisphere this belt provides

308
00:10:27,210 --> 00:10:27,220
opposite hemisphere this belt provides
 

309
00:10:27,220 --> 00:10:29,250
opposite hemisphere this belt provides
the moisture necessary to sustain the

310
00:10:29,250 --> 00:10:29,260
the moisture necessary to sustain the
 

311
00:10:29,260 --> 00:10:31,800
the moisture necessary to sustain the
equatorial rainforests of the Congo

312
00:10:31,800 --> 00:10:31,810
equatorial rainforests of the Congo
 

313
00:10:31,810 --> 00:10:34,320
equatorial rainforests of the Congo
Basin in central Africa and the Amazon

314
00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:34,330
Basin in central Africa and the Amazon
 

315
00:10:34,330 --> 00:10:39,480
Basin in central Africa and the Amazon
in South America North Africa dominated

316
00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:39,490
in South America North Africa dominated
 

317
00:10:39,490 --> 00:10:41,699
in South America North Africa dominated
by the Sahara is characterized by its

318
00:10:41,699 --> 00:10:41,709
by the Sahara is characterized by its
 

319
00:10:41,709 --> 00:10:46,380
by the Sahara is characterized by its
lack of clouds near the top of this

320
00:10:46,380 --> 00:10:46,390
lack of clouds near the top of this
 

321
00:10:46,390 --> 00:10:48,720
lack of clouds near the top of this
hemisphere we can also observe winter

322
00:10:48,720 --> 00:10:48,730
hemisphere we can also observe winter
 

323
00:10:48,730 --> 00:10:51,420
hemisphere we can also observe winter
storms move with regularity across the

324
00:10:51,420 --> 00:10:51,430
storms move with regularity across the
 

325
00:10:51,430 --> 00:10:56,430
storms move with regularity across the
North Atlantic and Europe the data

326
00:10:56,430 --> 00:10:56,440
North Atlantic and Europe the data
 

327
00:10:56,440 --> 00:10:58,620
North Atlantic and Europe the data
visualization techniques developed to

328
00:10:58,620 --> 00:10:58,630
visualization techniques developed to
 

329
00:10:58,630 --> 00:11:01,230
visualization techniques developed to
produce earth the movie represent

330
00:11:01,230 --> 00:11:01,240
produce earth the movie represent
 

331
00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:03,300
produce earth the movie represent
powerful new tools that scientists will

332
00:11:03,300 --> 00:11:03,310
powerful new tools that scientists will
 

333
00:11:03,310 --> 00:11:05,610
powerful new tools that scientists will
use to study our complex global

334
00:11:05,610 --> 00:11:05,620
use to study our complex global
 

335
00:11:05,620 --> 00:11:13,250
use to study our complex global
environment

336
00:11:13,250 --> 00:11:13,260

 

337
00:11:13,260 --> 00:11:33,900

you

338
00:11:33,900 --> 00:11:33,910

 

339
00:11:33,910 --> 00:12:00,000

you

340
00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:00,010

 

341
00:12:00,010 --> 00:12:08,349

you

342
00:12:08,349 --> 00:12:08,359

 

343
00:12:08,359 --> 00:12:11,569

Mars the fourth planet from the Sun is

344
00:12:11,569 --> 00:12:11,579
Mars the fourth planet from the Sun is
 

345
00:12:11,579 --> 00:12:13,879
Mars the fourth planet from the Sun is
visible to the naked eye as a bright

346
00:12:13,879 --> 00:12:13,889
visible to the naked eye as a bright
 

347
00:12:13,889 --> 00:12:17,269
visible to the naked eye as a bright
star in the night sky through a

348
00:12:17,269 --> 00:12:17,279
star in the night sky through a
 

349
00:12:17,279 --> 00:12:19,369
star in the night sky through a
telescope it appears as a yellowish

350
00:12:19,369 --> 00:12:19,379
telescope it appears as a yellowish
 

351
00:12:19,379 --> 00:12:22,069
telescope it appears as a yellowish
brown disc with indications of complex

352
00:12:22,069 --> 00:12:22,079
brown disc with indications of complex
 

353
00:12:22,079 --> 00:12:25,759
brown disc with indications of complex
features however using images taken by

354
00:12:25,759 --> 00:12:25,769
features however using images taken by
 

355
00:12:25,769 --> 00:12:27,889
features however using images taken by
cameras on the Viking orbiter spacecraft

356
00:12:27,889 --> 00:12:27,899
cameras on the Viking orbiter spacecraft
 

357
00:12:27,899 --> 00:12:31,129
cameras on the Viking orbiter spacecraft
a simulated flight over Mars reveals

358
00:12:31,129 --> 00:12:31,139
a simulated flight over Mars reveals
 

359
00:12:31,139 --> 00:12:37,759
a simulated flight over Mars reveals
much more detail these are shaded relief

360
00:12:37,759 --> 00:12:37,769
much more detail these are shaded relief
 

361
00:12:37,769 --> 00:12:39,979
much more detail these are shaded relief
maps of the topography of the Earth and

362
00:12:39,979 --> 00:12:39,989
maps of the topography of the Earth and
 

363
00:12:39,989 --> 00:12:43,069
maps of the topography of the Earth and
Mars rendered out of spheres the

364
00:12:43,069 --> 00:12:43,079
Mars rendered out of spheres the
 

365
00:12:43,079 --> 00:12:46,489
Mars rendered out of spheres the
diameter of Mars is 4,200 2 miles or

366
00:12:46,489 --> 00:12:46,499
diameter of Mars is 4,200 2 miles or
 

367
00:12:46,499 --> 00:12:49,099
diameter of Mars is 4,200 2 miles or
about fifty three percent of Earth's the

368
00:12:49,099 --> 00:12:49,109
about fifty three percent of Earth's the
 

369
00:12:49,109 --> 00:12:51,139
about fifty three percent of Earth's the
planet's volume is about fifteen percent

370
00:12:51,139 --> 00:12:51,149
planet's volume is about fifteen percent
 

371
00:12:51,149 --> 00:12:53,900
planet's volume is about fifteen percent
of Earth's a comparison of the relative

372
00:12:53,900 --> 00:12:53,910
of Earth's a comparison of the relative
 

373
00:12:53,910 --> 00:12:55,970
of Earth's a comparison of the relative
size of each planet to the size of its

374
00:12:55,970 --> 00:12:55,980
size of each planet to the size of its
 

375
00:12:55,980 --> 00:12:58,009
size of each planet to the size of its
surface features demonstrates the

376
00:12:58,009 --> 00:12:58,019
surface features demonstrates the
 

377
00:12:58,019 --> 00:13:01,309
surface features demonstrates the
enormity of the Martian terrain the Mars

378
00:13:01,309 --> 00:13:01,319
enormity of the Martian terrain the Mars
 

379
00:13:01,319 --> 00:13:02,840
enormity of the Martian terrain the Mars
elevations were derived from

380
00:13:02,840 --> 00:13:02,850
elevations were derived from
 

381
00:13:02,850 --> 00:13:05,239
elevations were derived from
stereographic analysis are the Viking

382
00:13:05,239 --> 00:13:05,249
stereographic analysis are the Viking
 

383
00:13:05,249 --> 00:13:10,159
stereographic analysis are the Viking
orbiter imagery for scale the outline of

384
00:13:10,159 --> 00:13:10,169
orbiter imagery for scale the outline of
 

385
00:13:10,169 --> 00:13:11,929
orbiter imagery for scale the outline of
the continental United States is

386
00:13:11,929 --> 00:13:11,939
the continental United States is
 

387
00:13:11,939 --> 00:13:14,449
the continental United States is
superimposed on a portion of the Martian

388
00:13:14,449 --> 00:13:14,459
superimposed on a portion of the Martian
 

389
00:13:14,459 --> 00:13:22,119
superimposed on a portion of the Martian
terrain over which our flight will occur

390
00:13:22,119 --> 00:13:22,129

 

391
00:13:22,129 --> 00:13:24,559

among the most impressive features on

392
00:13:24,559 --> 00:13:24,569
among the most impressive features on
 

393
00:13:24,569 --> 00:13:27,259
among the most impressive features on
Mars are the Tharsis Monty's shield

394
00:13:27,259 --> 00:13:27,269
Mars are the Tharsis Monty's shield
 

395
00:13:27,269 --> 00:13:29,419
Mars are the Tharsis Monty's shield
volcanoes more than two times the height

396
00:13:29,419 --> 00:13:29,429
volcanoes more than two times the height
 

397
00:13:29,429 --> 00:13:31,369
volcanoes more than two times the height
of Mount Everest and the Valles

398
00:13:31,369 --> 00:13:31,379
of Mount Everest and the Valles
 

399
00:13:31,379 --> 00:13:34,369
of Mount Everest and the Valles
Marineris a system of enormous canyons

400
00:13:34,369 --> 00:13:34,379
Marineris a system of enormous canyons
 

401
00:13:34,379 --> 00:13:38,359
Marineris a system of enormous canyons
over 3,000 miles long this Viking

402
00:13:38,359 --> 00:13:38,369
over 3,000 miles long this Viking
 

403
00:13:38,369 --> 00:13:41,030
over 3,000 miles long this Viking
orbiter image mosaic was used for the

404
00:13:41,030 --> 00:13:41,040
orbiter image mosaic was used for the
 

405
00:13:41,040 --> 00:13:43,609
orbiter image mosaic was used for the
flight simulation the lion being drawn

406
00:13:43,609 --> 00:13:43,619
flight simulation the lion being drawn
 

407
00:13:43,619 --> 00:13:46,159
flight simulation the lion being drawn
follows the flight path flight

408
00:13:46,159 --> 00:13:46,169
follows the flight path flight
 

409
00:13:46,169 --> 00:13:49,280
follows the flight path flight
elevations vary from 500 miles to 3

410
00:13:49,280 --> 00:13:49,290
elevations vary from 500 miles to 3
 

411
00:13:49,290 --> 00:13:52,220
elevations vary from 500 miles to 3
miles above the surface the relief has

412
00:13:52,220 --> 00:13:52,230
miles above the surface the relief has
 

413
00:13:52,230 --> 00:13:54,559
miles above the surface the relief has
been exaggerated 5 times and the natural

414
00:13:54,559 --> 00:13:54,569
been exaggerated 5 times and the natural
 

415
00:13:54,569 --> 00:13:56,689
been exaggerated 5 times and the natural
color enhanced to allow better

416
00:13:56,689 --> 00:13:56,699
color enhanced to allow better
 

417
00:13:56,699 --> 00:13:59,859
color enhanced to allow better
interpretation of small surface features

418
00:13:59,859 --> 00:13:59,869
interpretation of small surface features
 

419
00:13:59,869 --> 00:14:02,779
interpretation of small surface features
for centuries Mars has captivated

420
00:14:02,779 --> 00:14:02,789
for centuries Mars has captivated
 

421
00:14:02,789 --> 00:14:05,419
for centuries Mars has captivated
observers on earth unmanned spacecraft

422
00:14:05,419 --> 00:14:05,429
observers on earth unmanned spacecraft
 

423
00:14:05,429 --> 00:14:08,329
observers on earth unmanned spacecraft
and scientific data visualization have

424
00:14:08,329 --> 00:14:08,339
and scientific data visualization have
 

425
00:14:08,339 --> 00:14:10,279
and scientific data visualization have
increased our interest in and knowledge

426
00:14:10,279 --> 00:14:10,289
increased our interest in and knowledge
 

427
00:14:10,289 --> 00:16:57,210
increased our interest in and knowledge
of the red planet

428
00:16:57,210 --> 00:16:57,220

 

429
00:16:57,220 --> 00:16:59,699

the following computer animation of the

430
00:16:59,699 --> 00:16:59,709
the following computer animation of the
 

431
00:16:59,709 --> 00:17:02,369
the following computer animation of the
Monterey Bay environment was produced to

432
00:17:02,369 --> 00:17:02,379
Monterey Bay environment was produced to
 

433
00:17:02,379 --> 00:17:04,980
Monterey Bay environment was produced to
demonstrate the fusion and visualization

434
00:17:04,980 --> 00:17:04,990
demonstrate the fusion and visualization
 

435
00:17:04,990 --> 00:17:08,370
demonstrate the fusion and visualization
of multiple geophysical data sets both

436
00:17:08,370 --> 00:17:08,380
of multiple geophysical data sets both
 

437
00:17:08,380 --> 00:17:10,620
of multiple geophysical data sets both
the United States Navy and NASA

438
00:17:10,620 --> 00:17:10,630
the United States Navy and NASA
 

439
00:17:10,630 --> 00:17:12,299
the United States Navy and NASA
sponsored the development of

440
00:17:12,299 --> 00:17:12,309
sponsored the development of
 

441
00:17:12,309 --> 00:17:14,669
sponsored the development of
visualization technology to enhance the

442
00:17:14,669 --> 00:17:14,679
visualization technology to enhance the
 

443
00:17:14,679 --> 00:17:19,679
visualization technology to enhance the
understanding of environmental data this

444
00:17:19,679 --> 00:17:19,689
understanding of environmental data this
 

445
00:17:19,689 --> 00:17:22,110
understanding of environmental data this
is a Landsat thematic mapper image of

446
00:17:22,110 --> 00:17:22,120
is a Landsat thematic mapper image of
 

447
00:17:22,120 --> 00:17:24,390
is a Landsat thematic mapper image of
the Monterey Peninsula the city of

448
00:17:24,390 --> 00:17:24,400
the Monterey Peninsula the city of
 

449
00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,000
the Monterey Peninsula the city of
Monterey is seen at the top pebble beach

450
00:17:27,000 --> 00:17:27,010
Monterey is seen at the top pebble beach
 

451
00:17:27,010 --> 00:17:28,649
Monterey is seen at the top pebble beach
is visible in the southern portion of

452
00:17:28,649 --> 00:17:28,659
is visible in the southern portion of
 

453
00:17:28,659 --> 00:17:30,960
is visible in the southern portion of
the peninsula large kelp beds are

454
00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:30,970
the peninsula large kelp beds are
 

455
00:17:30,970 --> 00:17:33,720
the peninsula large kelp beds are
visible just offshore we now travel

456
00:17:33,720 --> 00:17:33,730
visible just offshore we now travel
 

457
00:17:33,730 --> 00:17:35,580
visible just offshore we now travel
straight upward to a height of just over

458
00:17:35,580 --> 00:17:35,590
straight upward to a height of just over
 

459
00:17:35,590 --> 00:17:38,130
straight upward to a height of just over
30 miles from here we can see the entire

460
00:17:38,130 --> 00:17:38,140
30 miles from here we can see the entire
 

461
00:17:38,140 --> 00:17:42,330
30 miles from here we can see the entire
Monterey Bay Area the Landsat thematic

462
00:17:42,330 --> 00:17:42,340
Monterey Bay Area the Landsat thematic
 

463
00:17:42,340 --> 00:17:44,640
Monterey Bay Area the Landsat thematic
mapper imagery of the ocean is now

464
00:17:44,640 --> 00:17:44,650
mapper imagery of the ocean is now
 

465
00:17:44,650 --> 00:17:46,770
mapper imagery of the ocean is now
replaced with coastal zone color scanner

466
00:17:46,770 --> 00:17:46,780
replaced with coastal zone color scanner
 

467
00:17:46,780 --> 00:17:49,230
replaced with coastal zone color scanner
imagery this instrument measures the

468
00:17:49,230 --> 00:17:49,240
imagery this instrument measures the
 

469
00:17:49,240 --> 00:17:50,789
imagery this instrument measures the
varying levels of chlorophyll in the

470
00:17:50,789 --> 00:17:50,799
varying levels of chlorophyll in the
 

471
00:17:50,799 --> 00:17:53,880
varying levels of chlorophyll in the
ocean reds and yellows indicate higher

472
00:17:53,880 --> 00:17:53,890
ocean reds and yellows indicate higher
 

473
00:17:53,890 --> 00:17:56,789
ocean reds and yellows indicate higher
concentrations blues and greens indicate

474
00:17:56,789 --> 00:17:56,799
concentrations blues and greens indicate
 

475
00:17:56,799 --> 00:18:00,090
concentrations blues and greens indicate
lower amounts as the coastal zone color

476
00:18:00,090 --> 00:18:00,100
lower amounts as the coastal zone color
 

477
00:18:00,100 --> 00:18:02,520
lower amounts as the coastal zone color
scanner data is made translucent bottom

478
00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:02,530
scanner data is made translucent bottom
 

479
00:18:02,530 --> 00:18:07,860
scanner data is made translucent bottom
topography features become visible we

480
00:18:07,860 --> 00:18:07,870
topography features become visible we
 

481
00:18:07,870 --> 00:18:09,750
topography features become visible we
are now descending at a velocity of over

482
00:18:09,750 --> 00:18:09,760
are now descending at a velocity of over
 

483
00:18:09,760 --> 00:18:12,360
are now descending at a velocity of over
18,000 miles per hour our approach

484
00:18:12,360 --> 00:18:12,370
18,000 miles per hour our approach
 

485
00:18:12,370 --> 00:18:14,820
18,000 miles per hour our approach
Sloan's and he moved westward to the far

486
00:18:14,820 --> 00:18:14,830
Sloan's and he moved westward to the far
 

487
00:18:14,830 --> 00:18:18,659
Sloan's and he moved westward to the far
end of the Monterey Bay Canyon

488
00:18:18,659 --> 00:18:18,669

 

489
00:18:18,669 --> 00:18:21,490

this is a shaded relief image taken from

490
00:18:21,490 --> 00:18:21,500
this is a shaded relief image taken from
 

491
00:18:21,500 --> 00:18:26,740
this is a shaded relief image taken from
sea bean bathymetric data the shaded

492
00:18:26,740 --> 00:18:26,750
sea bean bathymetric data the shaded
 

493
00:18:26,750 --> 00:18:28,630
sea bean bathymetric data the shaded
relief is overlaid with geological

494
00:18:28,630 --> 00:18:28,640
relief is overlaid with geological
 

495
00:18:28,640 --> 00:18:31,210
relief is overlaid with geological
long-range inclined as dick or glorious

496
00:18:31,210 --> 00:18:31,220
long-range inclined as dick or glorious
 

497
00:18:31,220 --> 00:18:34,149
long-range inclined as dick or glorious
side scan sonar data the SONA graphs

498
00:18:34,149 --> 00:18:34,159
side scan sonar data the SONA graphs
 

499
00:18:34,159 --> 00:18:36,039
side scan sonar data the SONA graphs
have been computer enhanced to show

500
00:18:36,039 --> 00:18:36,049
have been computer enhanced to show
 

501
00:18:36,049 --> 00:18:43,230
have been computer enhanced to show
ocean bottom geographic details

502
00:18:43,230 --> 00:18:43,240

 

503
00:18:43,240 --> 00:18:45,630

as we approach the shallow areas in the

504
00:18:45,630 --> 00:18:45,640
as we approach the shallow areas in the
 

505
00:18:45,640 --> 00:18:47,549
as we approach the shallow areas in the
bay we have shown graphically the

506
00:18:47,549 --> 00:18:47,559
bay we have shown graphically the
 

507
00:18:47,559 --> 00:18:49,470
bay we have shown graphically the
boundary which we will use in showing

508
00:18:49,470 --> 00:18:49,480
boundary which we will use in showing
 

509
00:18:49,480 --> 00:18:52,530
boundary which we will use in showing
the current flow through the bay we are

510
00:18:52,530 --> 00:18:52,540
the current flow through the bay we are
 

511
00:18:52,540 --> 00:18:58,090
the current flow through the bay we are
looking northeast across the bay

512
00:18:58,090 --> 00:18:58,100

 

513
00:18:58,100 --> 00:19:00,430

in order to show the current flow model

514
00:19:00,430 --> 00:19:00,440
in order to show the current flow model
 

515
00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:02,770
in order to show the current flow model
we have greatly exaggerated the vertical

516
00:19:02,770 --> 00:19:02,780
we have greatly exaggerated the vertical
 

517
00:19:02,780 --> 00:19:06,670
we have greatly exaggerated the vertical
scale

518
00:19:06,670 --> 00:19:06,680

 

519
00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:09,190

the two-layer model shown here

520
00:19:09,190 --> 00:19:09,200
the two-layer model shown here
 

521
00:19:09,200 --> 00:19:12,220
the two-layer model shown here
represents 17 days of ocean currents at

522
00:19:12,220 --> 00:19:12,230
represents 17 days of ocean currents at
 

523
00:19:12,230 --> 00:19:16,780
represents 17 days of ocean currents at
depths 50 and 250 meters note the more

524
00:19:16,780 --> 00:19:16,790
depths 50 and 250 meters note the more
 

525
00:19:16,790 --> 00:19:18,790
depths 50 and 250 meters note the more
rapid north to south flow through the

526
00:19:18,790 --> 00:19:18,800
rapid north to south flow through the
 

527
00:19:18,800 --> 00:19:20,560
rapid north to south flow through the
bay in the top layer due to the

528
00:19:20,560 --> 00:19:20,570
bay in the top layer due to the
 

529
00:19:20,570 --> 00:19:23,290
bay in the top layer due to the
prevailing winds the bottom / is flowing

530
00:19:23,290 --> 00:19:23,300
prevailing winds the bottom / is flowing
 

531
00:19:23,300 --> 00:20:36,850
prevailing winds the bottom / is flowing
north toward the recesses of the canyon

532
00:20:36,850 --> 00:20:36,860

 

533
00:20:36,860 --> 00:20:39,860

we now travel up and out of the water

534
00:20:39,860 --> 00:20:39,870
we now travel up and out of the water
 

535
00:20:39,870 --> 00:20:42,200
we now travel up and out of the water
and toward the shore at a velocity of

536
00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:42,210
and toward the shore at a velocity of
 

537
00:20:42,210 --> 00:20:48,560
and toward the shore at a velocity of
just under 8,000 miles per hour we turn

538
00:20:48,560 --> 00:20:48,570
just under 8,000 miles per hour we turn
 

539
00:20:48,570 --> 00:20:50,840
just under 8,000 miles per hour we turn
south and move down to our starting

540
00:20:50,840 --> 00:20:50,850
south and move down to our starting
 

541
00:20:50,850 --> 00:20:58,180
south and move down to our starting
point on the peninsula

542
00:20:58,180 --> 00:20:58,190

 

543
00:20:58,190 --> 00:21:01,549

the ocean has been made transparent so

544
00:21:01,549 --> 00:21:01,559
the ocean has been made transparent so
 

545
00:21:01,559 --> 00:21:10,060
the ocean has been made transparent so
that we can see the canyons in the bay

546
00:21:10,060 --> 00:21:10,070

 

547
00:21:10,070 --> 00:21:13,190

finish our journey once again over the

548
00:21:13,190 --> 00:21:13,200
finish our journey once again over the
 

549
00:21:13,200 --> 00:21:44,549
finish our journey once again over the
Monterey Peninsula

550
00:21:44,549 --> 00:21:44,559

 

551
00:21:44,559 --> 00:21:46,620

you